Automobile radiator core and method of manufacturing the same



- Dec.'7,1926.'

' 1 11,609,408 ;M.HAZEN AUTOMOBILE RADIATOR CORE AND METHOD OFMANUFACTURING THE SAME F lfid A ril 28, 1924 f 11 v Inventor MORRISHflZEN Patented Dec. 7, 1926.

Moanis HAznn, or CINCINNATI, OHIO.

Application filed April 28, 1924. Serial no. 709,429.

My invention relates to radiator cores patricularly adapted for use 1nconnection with 1nternal combustion engines.

Heretofore it has been the practice, in

manufacturing automobile radiator ccres to form sheet material whichwhen out and seamed together comprises a plurality oi tubes adapted whencombined with other sections to admit the flow of water thereover andthen in forming a fin from a separate sheet of material by adifferentoperation and adapted to be inserted between the first saidsheet thereby separating the tubes and providing spaces therebetween.for the purpose of permitting circulation of the air through said tubeswhereby the temperature of said water is adapted to be lowered.

The objects of my invention are to provide means whereby theconstruction of ra diator cores isgreatly simplified; to provide meanswhereby a core is adapted to be manue factured from a plurality of flatpieces of sheet metal, each piece of which is formed by a usual stampingprocess and comprises a part of said core; to provide a radiator coreadapted to be constructed from a plurality of pieces of sheet metalformed simi lar to one another, thereby greatly reducing the cost ofmanufacturing said core.

My invention consists in forming a plurality of pieces of sheet metal sothat when one end of each piece is bent upon one portion of itself andthe remaining end is bent upon another portion of itself, a. section isformed comprising a plurality'of tubes in stepped relation to oneanother and having air passages therethrough and therebetween; andin'providing each section adapted to be connected to adjacent sectionsto'permit the flow of water over said tubes for the purpose of coolingsaid water.

My invention further consists in the details of construction.combination, arrange ment and location of parts, as herein set forth andclaimed. 7

In the drawing: 1

Fig. 1 is an end elevation showing two sections of my radiator in partlycompleted assembled position;

Fig. 2 isa perspective view of a plurality of sections of my inventionin assembled po' sition' and ready for installation showingthe sectionsbroken away;

- Fig. 3 is a midway vertical cross section 1 of the View shownin Fig.1;a

Fig. 4 is a front elevation of one-half of a single piece of sheetmaterial cut longitudinally after being formed and showing the samebroken away and before being bent into proper position for assembling;

Fig. 5 is a cross section taken on a line corresponding to 55 of Fig. l;and

Fig. 6 is a cross section taken on the line corresponding to 6-6 of Fig.1 after the "sheet material is bent upon itself and ready for beingassembled with other similar sections for forming the completed core ofa radiator. v

In the preferred construction of my inven tion, I provide sheet 1 havinga plurality of stamped ribs or ridges 2 extending transversely of thesheet. Eachrib 2 consists of an intermediate semi-cylindrical portion 3integral with angular end portions t and re spectively in substantiallyparallel alinement therewith. Angular portions 4:, re-,

spectively, are adjacent longitudinal edges 5 of sheet 1 and espectivelyconsist of angular sides 6 and 6 respectively having their outer edgesconnected by integral plates 7 and 8, respectively positioned outwardlyfrom semi-cylindrical portions 3 whereby an air.

space is formed between the respective semi-' cylindrical portions whensheet 1 is bent upon itself with plates 7 in engagement with each otheror when plates 7 are in engagement with plates 8, as the case may be.

Plates 8 are positioned a greater distance outwardly fromsemi-cylindrical portions 3- than are plates 7, thereby providing step 9having greater depththan step 10 whereby the respective air and waterspaces are formed as will be hereinafter explained.

Ribs 2 are arranged in groups 11, 12"and 13. Groups 12 and l3'are spacedapart by integral fiat plate 14: extending the full width of sheet 1 andin parallel relation to plates 7 and 8. i

Groups 11 and 12 are connected by angular plate 15 integrallyconnectedto one-half portions 16 and 17 respectively, of ribs; 2.

Sheet 1 is'formed, as shown in Figs. land 5, by a usual stamping pressand when com pletely formed andben-t twice upon: itself sheet materialispreferably inserted into the press and formed in" one operation,thereby greatly reducing the cost of manufacturing a completed core.

The length of sheet 1 is entirely dependent upon the required capacityand size ot the radiator core desired and the width of the sheetrepresents the thickness of the com pleted core.

Sheet 1, after being formed, is bent upon itself, as shown in Fig. 6,with the outwardly extending end 19 into engagementwith halfrib 17thereby providing layers 20 and 21 of section 18 having plates 7 oflayer 20 in engagement and registering with plates 7 of layer 21,whereby air spaces 22, as shown in Fig. 3, are formed betweensemi-cylindrical portions 3, having a width equal to twice the depth ofstep 10. Plate 1 1 has its central portion bent upon itself formingextension 23 which permits edges 24 and 25 of the plate, respectively,to remain in alinement with plates 8, respectively, of layers 20 and-21. End 26 ot sheetl is then bent upon layer 21 so that flange 27 fitsover and in close engagement with edge 24 of plate 14, and plates 7 arebrought into registering engagement with plates 8 whereby air spaces 28are'tormed. Air spaces 28 have a width, between semi-cylindricalportions 3, equal to the combined depth of steps 9 and 10 for permittingair to circulate from air spaces 29 into air s aaces 22 res ectivelwithin semicylindrical portions Angular member 15 comprises end 15 oflayers 20 and 31 and integral halt ribs 16 and 17, respectively, arearranged in alined relation with plates 8 and 7, respectively, of layers31 and 20.

Tubes 29 are formed by layers 20 and 21 and tubes 30 are formed bylayers 21 and 31. The tubes are at each end of the respectivecylindrical portions 3 for forming tubes for engaging angular portions4, and a water space is formed between the respective semi-cylindricalportions 3 when the contacting angular portions 4 are nested into eachother.

Extension 23 of plate 1 1 is bent and soldered into engagement withflange 27 whereby section 18 is completed and ready for being assembledwith other similar sections.

Core 18, as shown in Fig. 2, is formed by placing one section 18 inengagement with other similar sections so that ends'15 and plates 1 1,respectively, are in alinement with one another, whereby angular endportions 4 of one-section fit into angular end portions 4 of theadjacent sections and angular sides 6 and 6, respectively, of theengaging angular endportions are parallel with each other. Plates 8 oflayer 20, respectively, are in engagement with plates 7 of layer 31 ofthe adjacent'section', thereby providing water space 32' between theadjoinin sections, as shown in Fig. 3. The-outer ends of tubes 29 andBOof core 18, are secured togetherby suitable mea a y inserting the edgesotthe tubes in a bath of solder or other suitable adhesivematerial,whereby the contacting angular portions 4 are sealed and the completedcore is securely fastened together.

lVater space 32 has a width equal to the depth of step 9 less the depthof offset 10, which may vary dependent upon the size of the core and thewater capacity of the internal combustion engine to which the core isapplied.

Slots 33, as shown in Fig. 2, at top 34 01 core 18, are for the purposeof permitting the entrance of water from the usual radiator waterreservoir, so that the water may drain downwardly through water spaces32 and over the exterior surface of tubes 29 and 30 thereby cooling thesame, whereby the temperature of the water within the radiator cure, isadapted to be lowered for the reason that the heat of the water isradiated to the tubes and the passage of air through the tubes preventsthe temperature of the same from reaching an abnormally high point.

As heretofore explained plates 7 and 8 prevent semi-cylindrical tubes 3from contacting each other, thereby providing air spaces between thetubcs for the purpose of permitting the tree flow of air between thetubes as well as through them in order that the heat transmitted by thewater to the metal in the tubes may be thoroughly radiated and carriedfrom within the core by the. currents of air passing therethrough.

While I have shown the outer portions of tubes 29 and 30 representing aregular polygon and the central port-ions of the tube circular in form,it is merely my preferred con-- struction and I desire to emphasize thefact that the shape of the tubes may be varied to any desired shape forthe purpose of accomplishing the desired result.

By forming sheet 1 in one operation, then bending the sheet twice uponitself, then forming extension 23 and bending the same in engagementwith flange 27 of the sheet, the complete work of forming section 18 isfinished in comparatively a few operations requiring a short period oftime, thereby etfecting great economy in the construction of a radiatorcore having great efliciency.

I may form sections 18 by the method of bending sheet 1 upon itself onlyonce, thereby providing each section with but two thicknesses'ofmaterial. whereby water when ad mitted into slots 33 is adapted to flowover the complete outer surface of the tubes, or sheet 1 may be soformed that it may be bent upon itself many more times thanshown in Fig.6.

An advantage at my invention is that in the course of manufacturing myradiator core, I merelyprovide myself with a pin: rality of fiat piecesof sheet material which are successively inserted has a suitable pressand one operation said press is sutficient (a; an)

corporated.

moans to form the use of my invention the cost of manufacturing aradiator core is greatly reduced to such an extent that if an automobileuser, having a" radiator of my manufacture, is unfortunate inconsiderably damaging said core, as bya collision, the same may beremoved and a new one completely substituted therefor at' a low cost. Infact, my radiator co're'may be manufactured and sold at such a low pricethat it will cost considerably more to repair the core, after beingdamaged by a heavy impact, than it would be to discard the damaged coreand substitute therefor a new one of my construction.

It is well known that the high cost of labor enters materially into themanufacturing cost of radiator cores. But by my method of constructing acore I eliminate a considerable part of the usual cost of labor, forthereason that a single piece of fiat sheet material is formed, by asuitable press, completely and ready for being further formed, assembledand installed with other similarly formed section's, whereby a completedradiator core is quickly and efficiently built to the proper size,depending upon the water 0001- ing'capacity required.

It is apparent that I have invented a simple, efficient and practicalradiator core and that each section of the core is formed from a singlepiece of flat sheet material similar to one another after which the sameis bent to a shape as heretofore explained, whereby it is not necessaryto manufacture a plurality of dissimilar parts which necessitates theuse of various shaped dies and various complicated operations in theusual course of manufacture.

lVhile I have chosen to illustrate the form and structure of myinvention by the herein drawings and explanations of the same, I desireto state that the form and the explanations, as relates thereof, are notintended to include the various forms or modification in which myinvention may be in- The herein illustrations and explanation are mademerely for the purpose of showing one form of construction by which myinvention may be carried into eifect.

lVhile I have shown and described a particular construction, such forinstance, as a single fiat piece of sheet material being formed and thentwice bent upon itself thereby providing three thicknesses of materialin a complete section, it is apparent that the number of bends and thenumber of thicknesses of material attained, is merely a matter ofselection.

My inventionresides in the combination and arrangement of parts and thedetails of construction, as hereinafter claimed, it being understoodthat changes in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosedcan be made within the scope of what is claimed Without departing fromthe spirit of the invention.

Vvhat Iclaim as new and by Letters Patent is: v e

l. A radiator core comprising a plurality of sections, each sectioncomprising a plurality of pairs of alined end tubes and a corrugatedportion intermediate said pairs of end tubes, each corrugated portionbeing offset with respect to the end portions, thereby providing aircommunicating means between the vertically alined tubes, the walls ofone section being adapted to lit in the walls of the adjacent section inspaced apart relation intermediate the ends whereby a water space isformed between said sections.

2. A radiator core comprising a plurality of sections, each sectioncomprising a plurality .of corrugated end portions having ClQSll'G ill)SCCLil'O their intermediate portions offset laterally therefrom and saidend portions connected together whereby a plurality of vertically alinedtubes are formed for the purpose of providing air spaces between therespective adjacent vertically alined tubes, the, wall of each sectionbeing adapted to fit into the wall of an adjacent section whereby awater space is formed between said sections and each of said sectionshaving its end portions adapted to maintain the several layers of saidsection in close engagement with each other. i

3. A method of manufacturing a radiator core comprising first forming asheet of metal with a plurality of spaced apart ribs arranged in groupsand having a flat plate intermediately connecting two of said groups andhaving an angular plate integrally connecting two of said groups, eachof said ribs comprising angular end por tions having flat tops and apartial-cylindrical portion integrally connected intermediate saidangular end portions and stepped therefrom, then bending one end of saidsheet in engagement with itself approximately at a point one-thirddistance from the opposite end of said sheet whereby said flat portionsof said angular portions are respectively adapted to engage each otherwhereby a plurality of tubes are formed having integrally connectedintermediate end stepped partial tubes whereby an air space is formedbetween said partial-cylindrical portions, then bending the remainingend of said sheet around said first end and in engagement with said flatplate, then in securing the outer sides of said polygonal tubes inengagement and fitted into the outer sides of similar tubes alinedpolygonal of another formed plate, whereby a water space is formedbetween said formed plates.

4. A radiator core comprising a plurality of sections, each sectionconsisting of a formed plate having transverse spaced corrugationstherein, angular portions at each end of said corrugations, asemi-cylindrical portion intermediate said angular portions and havingits outer surface out of the plane of said angular portions, said plateadapted to be bent twice upon itself wherebysaid angular portions arerespectively adapted to engage and register with respective angularportions whereby air spaces are formed between said semi-cylindricalportions and said angular portions of said section adapted to fit in therespective angular portions of an adjacent section whereby a water spaceis formed between the adjacent semi-cylindrical portion of saidsections.

5. A radiator core comprising a plurality of sections each sectionconsisting of a formed plate having transverse spaced corrugationstherein, angular portions at each end of said corrugations, asemi-cylindrical portion intermediate said angular portions and havingits outer surface out of the plane of said angular portions, said plateadapted to be bent upon itself whereby said angular portions arerespectively adapted to engage and register with said respective angularportions whereby air spaces are formed between said .semi-cylindricalportions and said angular portions of said section adapted to fit in therespective angular portions of an adjacent section whereby a water spaceis formed between the adjacent semicylindrical portions of saidsections.

6. A radiator core comprising a plurality of. sections, each sectionconsisting of a formed plate having transverse spaced corrugations, saidplate being provided with end portions and an intermediate port-i011having its surfaces out of the plane of said end portions, said plateadapted to be bent twice upon itself whereby the respective end portionsof the formed section are adapted to engage and register with each otherwhereby continuous air spaces are formed between said intermediateportions, and said end portions of sail completed section adapted toengage and fit similar end portions of an adjacent section whereby acontinuous water space is formed between the adjacent intermediateportions of said sections, respectively.

7. The method of manufacturing a sec ticnal radiator core comprisingfirst forming a single sheet of metal with a plurality of spaced aparttransverse corrugations having th ir ridges extending in oppositedirections, said corrugations being arranged in groups having anintegral part connecting two of said groups and having another integralpart connecting two of said groups, each of said groups having itsridges intermediate its ends out of the plane of its end portions, thenbending one end group upon the middle group and bending the other endgroup upon said first mentioned end group whereby a plurality ofhorizontally disposed air tubes with air passages connecting therespective air tubes, are formed for the passage of continuous sheets ofair, thereby permitting the air to freely'circulate from top to bottom,both horizontally and vertically through each section, then assemblingsaid section in engagement with other si1nilar sections and fitting theminto the outer sides of similar tubes, whereby a continuous water spaceis formed between the respective sections, and then suitably securingthe free ends of said groups of the several sections.

MORRIS HAZEN.

